The Monastery of Santa María de la Oliva, located in the town of Carcastillo in Navarre, is an exceptional example of Cistercian architecture. Founded in the 12th century, it was established as part of the expansion of the Cistercian order, which sought to promote a life of simplicity, prayer, and work in harmony with nature.

The monastery’s architectural style reflects the Cistercian emphasis on austerity and functionality. The church, built in the Cistercian-style, features a Latin cross floor plan, barrel-vaulted ceilings, and pointed arches. Its façade is adorned with a modest yet elegant rose window and a pointed arch portal, embodying the simplicity characteristic of Cistercian design.

One of the most notable elements of the monastery is its cloister, constructed in Gothic style between the 12th and 14th centuries. The cloister’s arches and capitals are finely sculpted with vegetal and geometric motifs, creating a serene atmosphere ideal for contemplation. Surrounding the cloister are the chapter house, refectory, and dormitory, all essential components of monastic life.

The abbey’s agricultural legacy is evident in its surrounding lands, where the monks cultivated crops and managed livestock. This self-sufficiency was a hallmark of Cistercian communities, which often thrived in remote and rural locations.

Santa María de la Oliva played a significant role in the religious and cultural life of medieval Navarre. However, like many monastic institutions, it experienced decline following secularization processes in the 19th century. In the 20th century, restoration efforts brought new life to the site, and it remains an active monastic community today.