The Hermit Caves of Las Gobas and Santorkaria, located in LaƱo, in the municipality of Condado de TreviƱo, are among the most significant examples of early medieval rock-cut architecture in the region. These caves, carved directly into the limestone cliffs of the area, served as religious and domestic spaces for hermits and small monastic communities between the 6th and 11th centuries.
The site consists of two main clusters: Las Gobas, with its intricate network of interconnected caves, and Santorkaria, which features a simpler layout. These caves were hewn using basic tools, creating living quarters, chapels, and communal spaces. Many of the caves display remarkable craftsmanship, with carved niches, benches, and altars. The chapels often include semicircular apses and rudimentary decorations, such as crosses or geometric motifs, emphasizing their sacred function.
The origins of these caves are rooted in the spread of Christianity during the early medieval period. Hermits seeking solitude and spiritual contemplation chose this remote area for its seclusion and natural beauty. Over time, the caves became centers of religious activity, attracting small communities that lived a simple, self-sufficient life.
Las Gobas, the larger of the two complexes, is particularly notable for its architectural complexity. It includes over 20 caves, many of which are multi-room structures connected by narrow corridors. Santorkaria, on the other hand, is smaller and less elaborate but still reflects the ascetic lifestyle of its inhabitants.
Today, the Hermit Caves of Las Gobas and Santorkaria are an important archaeological and cultural site. Both can be freely accessed via the BU-V-7418 road, between the towns of Albaina and LaƱo. Final access is exclusively pedestrian. Visitors can also explore these fascinating spaces via guided tours, learning about their historical significance and the daily lives of their former occupants.
