The Sanctuary of Arantzazu, nestled in the Aizkorri-Aratz Natural Park in Oñati, Gipuzkoa, is a significant religious and cultural landmark in the Basque Country. Its history is intertwined with legend and devotion to the Virgin Mary.

Legend has it that the Virgin Mary appeared to a shepherd named Rodrigo de Balanzategi in 1468 in a thorn bush (arantza in Basque), hence the name Arantzazu, meaning “among thorns.” A small chapel was initially built on the site, marking the beginning of the sanctuary’s history.

Over the centuries, the sanctuary has undergone several transformations due to fires and renovations. The current complex is a striking example of 20th-century architecture, incorporating modern artistic elements. Key features include:

• The Basilica: The basilica, with its distinctive facade designed by architects Sáenz de Oiza and Laorga, is the central building of the sanctuary. Its facade features fourteen iron spikes representing the apostles.
• The Crypt: Located beneath the basilica, the crypt houses impressive murals by Basque artist Néstor Basterretxea, depicting scenes from Basque history and mythology.
• The Towers: The four towers of the basilica, designed by Eduardo Chillida, are iconic elements of the sanctuary’s skyline.
• The Main Altarpiece: Designed by Jorge Oteiza, the main altarpiece is a significant work of modern religious art.

The Sanctuary of Arantzazu is not only a place of pilgrimage but also a significant artistic and architectural landmark. Its unique blend of religious devotion, modern art, and natural surroundings makes it a compelling destination for visitors.