The Royal Arms Factory of Orbaizeta is a historic industrial complex located in the Pyrenean foothills of Navarre, near the Selva de Irati. It was founded in 1784 under the reign of King Charles III to supply weapons and munitions to the Spanish army. Its location was carefully chosen due to the proximity of abundant natural resources, including water, timber, and iron ore, which were essential for the manufacturing process.

The factory played a crucial role in the Spanish arms industry during the late 18th and early 19th centuries, producing cannons, artillery pieces, and ammunition. The complex was designed to be self-sufficient, integrating workshops, worker housing, and storage facilities. Water-powered machinery was a key feature, with the nearby river Irati providing the necessary energy for forging and casting metal. The architecture reflects the industrial style of the period, with robust stone buildings and arched windows that stand in harmony with their natural surroundings.

The factory’s strategic importance also made it a target during periods of conflict. It suffered significant damage during the Peninsular War and the Carlist Wars, which eventually led to its decline. By the late 19th century, the facility ceased operations and was abandoned.

Today, the ruins of the Royal Arms Factory of Orbaizeta are a testament to the region’s industrial and military history. Visitors can explore the remains of the main factory buildings, which include the workshops, warehouses, and the impressive water channels used to power the machinery. The site is enveloped by the lush landscape of the Irati Forest, offering a unique blend of historical and natural exploration.

Efforts to preserve and study the site have highlighted its significance as a cultural and historical landmark. It is a popular destination for history enthusiasts, as well as hikers and nature lovers drawn to the scenic beauty of the surrounding area.