The Laguna de Pitillas is a natural freshwater wetland located in the southern region of Navarre, near the town of Pitillas. This unique ecosystem, spanning approximately 216 hectares, is one of the most important birdwatching sites in the region and holds great ecological and environmental significance. The lagoon, situated in a semi-arid area, is fed by rainfall and groundwater, creating a vital habitat for a diverse range of plant and animal species.
Historically, the lagoon has been a crucial resource for the local community. While it once served practical purposes such as irrigation and grazing, it has gained recognition for its rich biodiversity and environmental importance. In 1987, the Laguna de Pitillas was designated as a Natural Reserve, and in 1996, it was included in the Ramsar Convention, highlighting its international importance as a wetland of ecological value.
The lagoon is particularly renowned for its role as a bird sanctuary. It serves as a breeding, resting, and feeding ground for over 200 bird species, many of which are migratory. Notable birds that can be observed include the purple heron, black-winged stilt, marsh harrier, and great egret. During the winter months, the lagoon is frequented by numerous waterfowl, such as ducks and geese. Birdwatchers and nature enthusiasts are drawn to the area for its diversity and the opportunity to witness rare species in their natural habitat.
In addition to its ornithological significance, the Laguna de Pitillas supports a variety of aquatic and terrestrial flora and fauna, making it an essential site for ecological research and conservation. The wetland’s vegetation consists of reeds, rushes, and other plants adapted to saline and semi-arid conditions, further enhancing its value as a biodiversity hotspot.
Visitors to the lagoon can explore its natural beauty through designated trails and observation points, which provide excellent vantage points for birdwatching and photography. The Interpretation Center, located nearby, offers educational information about the lagoon’s ecosystem, history, and species diversity.
