The Ibañeta Pass (Collado de Ibañeta) is a mountain pass in the Pyrenees of Navarre, near the French border, connecting the valleys of Valcarlos and Roncesvalles. At around 1,050 meters above sea level, it stands as one of the key natural gateways through which thousands of migratory birds cross the western Pyrenees each year. Its location and altitude make it one of the best observation points in northern Spain for studying and enjoying bird migration.
At the heart of this site lies the Centro de Migración de Aves Roncesvalles-Orreaga, a reference facility for ornithological observation and research. The Centre is open to the public from the 1st of July, when the migration of the first black kites can be observed, until the end of November, when the migration is over. It provides information, optical equipment, and expert guidance to visitors interested in learning more about the migratory movements that define the region’s ecology. It also plays an active role in long-term monitoring projects and environmental education.
The hill on which the observatory is placed is a strategic point to observe birds flying over other hills nearby, such as Lindux and Ortzanzurieta. When there is a south wind virtually all migrating birds must cross over this hill (Ibañeta), flying low in order to protect themselves from the strong wind.
During the migration season, observers can witness large movements of raptors, storks, swallows, and passerines, with particularly notable passages of honey buzzards, red kites, and booted eagles. The center’s facilities include observation platforms and interpretive materials that enhance the experience for both amateur birdwatchers and researchers.
Posted on October 27, 2025
