The Poblado de La Hoya, an archaeological site located near Laguardia in Álava, offers a fascinating glimpse into the life of a pre-Roman settlement in the Basque Country. This fortified village, inhabited during the Bronze and Iron Ages, provides valuable insights into the social, economic, and cultural practices of its inhabitants.

The settlement’s origins date back to the Bronze Age, around the 12th century BCE, with its most significant period of occupation occurring during the Iron Age (7th to 1st centuries BCE). The inhabitants of La Hoya were likely engaged in agriculture, livestock raising, and various craft activities. The site’s strategic location, overlooking the Ebro valley, provided access to trade routes and resources..

The discovery of La Hoya occurred in the mid-20th century, with systematic archaeological excavations beginning in the 1970s. These excavations have uncovered evidence of a highly organized settlement. The site features remnants of houses, streets, and communal spaces, revealing a complex urban layout. Artifacts such as pottery, tools, and jewelry indicate a thriving economy based on agriculture, livestock, and trade. The settlement’s strategic location suggests it was a hub for commerce, connecting the Ebro Valley with other regions.

One of the most intriguing discoveries at the site is evidence of a violent event that led to its abrupt abandonment between 350 and 200 BCE, possibly due to conflict or invasion. This dramatic chapter in its history has made the Poblado de la Hoya a key focus of archaeological research.

The Museo del Poblado de la Hoya, located nearby, enhances the visitor experience with exhibits of artifacts recovered from the site. The museum provides detailed explanations of the settlement’s history and culture, complemented by interactive displays and educational materials. Visitors can also explore the open-air excavation site, where interpretive panels and guided tours offer a deeper understanding of this ancient community.