Orduña, located in the province of Bizkaia, is a historically significant town nestled in a strategic mountain pass connecting the Basque Country with the Castilian plateau. Its unique position has shaped its history and character.
Founded in 1229 by King Sancho VII of Navarre, Orduña was initially part of the Kingdom of Navarre before becoming integrated into Castile. This strategic location made it a crucial commercial and defensive enclave throughout the Middle Ages and beyond. The town enjoyed significant privileges and autonomy, reflected in its historical designation as a “city” despite its relatively small size.
Orduña’s main attractions reflect its rich history:
- Plaza Mayor: This central square, surrounded by arcaded buildings, is the heart of the town. It showcases a blend of architectural styles, reflecting Orduña’s evolution over time.
- Aduana (Customs House): This imposing 18th-century building stands as a testament to Orduña’s historical importance as a trading hub. Its grand facade and architectural details are notable.
- Church of Santa María: This Gothic church, with later additions, features a notable altarpiece and serves as an important religious landmark in the town.
- Medieval Walls and Gates: Remnants of the town’s medieval fortifications, including gates and sections of the wall, offer a glimpse into its defensive past.
Today, Orduña offers visitors a chance to explore its well-preserved historical center, experience its unique blend of cultural influences, and appreciate its scenic setting.
