The Cathédrale Sainte-Marie, located in the heart of Bayonne, is a masterpiece of Gothic architecture and a significant cultural and religious landmark. Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site as part of the Camino de Santiago, the cathedral holds both historical and architectural importance.
Construction of the cathedral began in the 13th century on the site of a Romanesque church that had been destroyed by fire. Over the next two centuries, the structure evolved into a fine example of Gothic style. Its completion was followed by the addition of the cloister in the 14th and 15th centuries, one of the largest in France.
The cathedral follows a classic Gothic layout, with a Latin cross plan, pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and flying buttresses that provide structural support. The façades are adorned with statues and detailed stonework, reflecting the religious and artistic sensibilities of its era.
The main features of the cathedral are:
- Cloister: The Gothic cloister is an exceptional feature, offering a tranquil space for reflection. Its delicate arches and open galleries display intricate craftsmanship.
- Stained Glass Windows: The cathedral boasts a collection of stunning stained glass, primarily from the 19th century, which depicts biblical scenes and floods the interior with colorful light.
- Towers: The cathedral’s twin spires, added in the 19th century, rise 85 meters above the city and are visible from miles away, serving as an iconic part of Bayonne’s skyline.
- Interior: The soaring vaulted ceilings, finely carved choir stalls, and ornate altars exemplify the grandeur of Gothic ecclesiastical design.
